What is likely to be the most ancient function of the cytoskeleton? C Despite the differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells, prokaryotes have proteins that are distantly related to eukaryotic actin filaments and microtubules. Nevertheless, mitochondria cannot function for long when isolated from the cell because they are _. TERMS IN THIS SET (53) Mitochondria contain their own genome, are able to duplicate, and actually divide on a different time line from the rest of the cell. unfolded b, a, c, g, h, f, i +14 more terms The proteins transported into the endoplasmic reticulum by _ are in their _ form. Proteins are transported into the Golgi apparatus via _. Proteins that remain in the cytosol do not contain a _. Proteins enter the nucleus in their _ form. The address information for protein sorting in a eukaryotic cell is contained in the _ of the proteins. Plasma membrane proteins are inserted into the membrane in the _. The mature version of this protein will span the membrane once, with membrane-spanning segment 2 in the membrane and the C-terminus facing the cytoplasm. The N-terminus of this protein is cytoplasmic. The mature version of this protein will span the membrane twice, with both the N- and C-terminus in the cytoplasm.ĭ. The C-terminus of this protein is cytoplasmic.ī. Given this diagram, which of the following statements must be true?Ī. The boxes labeled 1 and 2 represent membrane-spanning sequences and the arrow represents a site of action of signal peptidase. Figure Q15-34 shows the organization of a protein that normally resides in the plasma membrane. Disulfide bonding occurs between cysteines of proteins and not in sugars. Oligosaccharides are added to the Asn and not the Ser and are added as a branched 14-sugar oligosaccharide. The other choices are untrue, and thus are not good explanations. Oligosaccharides are usually further modified by enzymes in the ER and the Golgi before the glycoprotein is inserted into the plasma membrane. The oligosaccharide should have been added to the serine instead of the asparagine. The oligosaccharide needs a disulfide bond.ĭ. The oligosaccharide should have been added one sugar at a time.Ĭ. ![]() The oligosaccharide needs to be further modified before it is mature.ī. ![]() Which of the following statements is a likely explanation for this problem?Ī. Unfortunately, immune cells do not seem to recognize this synthesized glycoprotein. To his purified protein he then adds a branched 14-sugar oligosaccharide to the asparagine of the only Asn-X-Ser sequence found on GP1 (Figure Q15-48). He decides to purify large amounts of GP1 by expressing it in bacteria. ![]() Your friend discovered a transmembrane glycoprotein, GP1, on a pathogenic yeast cell that is recognized by human immune cells. Cells have oligosaccharides displayed on their cell surface that are important for cell-cell recognition. Thus, all proteins that end up in the lysosome, Golgi apparatus, or plasma membrane, or are secreted, will be encoded by the RNAs associated with the rough ER. The rough ER consists of ER membranes and polyribosomes that are in the process of translating and translocating proteins into the ER membrane and lumen. Which of the following proteins do you expect the RNA from the rough endoplasmic reticulum to encode? TERMS IN THIS SET (18) After isolating the rough endoplasmic reticulum from the rest of the cytoplasm, you purify the RNAs attached to it.
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